Parthenia \p(a)-rthe-nia, par-thenia\ as a girl's name is of Greek origin, and the meaning of Parthenia is "maiden". The Parthenon of Athens, Greece, was named after one of the aspects of the divine patroness of the city, Athena Parthenos, or "Athena the Maiden". Athena was one of three virgin goddesses of ancient Greek mythology, the other two being Artemis, goddess of the moon, and Hestia, goddess of the hearth.

Parthenia has 6 variant forms: Partheenia, Parthena, Parthenie, Parthinia, Pathina and Pathinia.

Baby names that sound like Parthenia are Parthenope and Prudencia.